Mitundu ya Circuit Breaker ndi Guide Yosankha

Mu nkhani za uinjiniya wamagetsi ndi chitetezo, mawu oti "circuit breaker" ndi ofunikira kwambiri. Circuit breaker ndi switch yamagetsi yokha yomwe imapangidwa kuti iteteze ma circuit ku kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma circuit kapena ma short circuit. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusokoneza magetsi pamene vuto lapezeka, potero kupewa zoopsa monga moto wamagetsi kapena kuwonongeka kwa zida. Nkhaniyi ifufuza mbali zosiyanasiyana za ma circuit breaker, kuphatikizapo mitundu yawo, mfundo zogwirira ntchito, ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Mitundu yaZosokoneza Dera

Ma circuit breaker amabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, iliyonse yopangidwira ntchito ndi malo enaake. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi iyi:

1. Zothyola Zazing'ono Zazing'ono (MCB):Ma circuit breaker awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zogona komanso zamalonda kuti apewe kudzaza kwambiri ndi ma short circuit. MCB imagwa yokha ngati magetsi apitirira mtengo womwe unakonzedweratu.
2. Chotsukira Dera Chotsalira (RCCB):Chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chipangizo chotsalira chamagetsi (RCD), mtundu uwu wa chosokoneza magetsi umaletsa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi pozindikira kusalingana kwamagetsi. Ngati vuto lapezeka, RCCB imachotsa magetsi, motero imapereka chitetezo chofunikira.
3. Ma Molded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs): Ma circuit breakers amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndipo amatha kupirira mafunde amphamvu. Ma MCCB amapereka chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri, chofupikitsa magetsi, komanso choteteza ku vuto la nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi osiyanasiyana.
4. Ma Air Circuit Breaker (ACB): Ma air circuit breaker nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri ndipo amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya ngati chozimitsira magetsi. Ndi oyenera kuyika magetsi akuluakulu ndipo amatha kupirira mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi.
5. Chothyola Chachikulu cha Hydraulic-Maginito: Mtundu uwu wa circuit breaker umaphatikiza njira zamagetsi ndi zamaginito kuti zichotse ma circuit. Chifukwa cha kudalirika kwake komanso kulimba kwake, umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani a zapamadzi ndi amlengalenga.

Momwe imagwirira ntchito

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya circuit breaker ndi yosavuta. Pamene magetsi oyenda mu circuit apitirira mphamvu ya circuit breaker yomwe yawerengedwa, circuit breaker idzazindikira vutoli. Pambuyo pake, circuit breaker idzayambitsa njira yake yogwetsa, kusokoneza circuit ndikusokoneza current. Kutengera mtundu wa circuit breaker, izi zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi njira zotenthetsera, zamaginito, kapena zamagetsi.

Mwachitsanzo, mu miniature circuit breaker (MCB), bimetallic strip imatha kutentha kwambiri ndikupindika chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi yambiri, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti switchyo igwe. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, residual current operated circuit breaker (RCCB) imadalira kuzindikira zolakwika za nthaka kuti idziwe vuto. RCCBs zimatha kugwa mkati mwa ma milliseconds, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kugwedezeka kwa magetsi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma circuit breakers

Ma circuit breaker ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pamagetsi amakono ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana. M'malo okhala anthu, ma circuit breaker amateteza nyumba ku ngozi zamagetsi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu okhalamo ndi otetezeka. M'nyumba zamalonda, ma circuit breaker amasamalira katundu wamagetsi, amaletsa kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi, motero amawongolera magwiridwe antchito.

M'mafakitale, ma circuit breaker amateteza zida zamakanika ku kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zolakwika zamagetsi. Ndi ofunikiranso mumakina obwezeretsanso mphamvu monga ma solar panel ndi ma wind turbines, zomwe zimaletsa kusinthasintha kwa kupanga magetsi.

Kodi chosokoneza mawaya ndi chiyani?

Chotsekereza magetsi ndi chipangizo chamagetsi choteteza chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chiteteze magetsi ku kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha magetsi ochulukirapo kuposa omwe makinawo amatha kunyamula (overcurrent). Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuletsa kuyenda kwa magetsi kuti ateteze zida ndikuletsa moto.

Mwachidule

Mwachidule, ma circuit breaker ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pamakina amagetsi, kuonetsetsa kuti pali chitetezo komanso kupewa mavuto amagetsi. Kwa iwo omwe amagwira ntchito muukadaulo wamagetsi kapena chitetezo, kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma circuit breaker, mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito, ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndikofunikira. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kosalekeza komanso kuwonjezeka kwa magetsi, ma circuit breaker mosakayikira adzakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakutsimikizira kudalirika ndi chitetezo chamakina amagetsi. Kaya m'malo okhala, amalonda, kapena mafakitale, kufunika kwa ma circuit breaker sikunganyalanyazidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale gawo lofunikira la zomangamanga zamagetsi zamakono.